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Wednesday 4 April 2018

Types of Metals Used In Casting Process




اشتهای روز افزون بازار هند برای انواع فلزات - متال بولتن

Metal casting process begins by creating a mold, which is the ‘reverse’ shape of the part we need. Metal Casting is one of the oldest materials shaping methods known. Casting means the metal is heated in an oven until it melts, and the molten metal is pouring into a mould with a cavity of the shape to be made, and allowing it to solidify. The liquid takes the shape of cavity, which is the shape of the part.Finally, the solidified metal part is removed from the mould. When solidified, the desired metal object is taken out from the mould either by breaking the mould or taking the mould apart. The solidified object is called the casting. The process is also called foundry.




Metals used in casting:

Alloy:
It is a metallic solid produced by joining two or more metals or by accumulating a non – metal to a metal for the purpose of improving its properties for end use.
Ferrous Alloys:
Alloys with iron and its constituents is know as Ferrous Alloys.

Non – Ferrous Alloys:
There is no iron base metal is know as Non-Ferrous Alloys.
Cast Iron:
A brittle and hard alloy of carbon and iron that can be willingly casted in a mold, as it contains a higher amount of carbon than steel is known as cast iron. It is firm and unchanged.


Ductile Iron:
A cast iron is been treated with a molten element, such as cerium and magnesium to induce the creation of free graphite such as spherulites or nodules. This informs an assessable degree of ductility to the cast metal. The ductile iron is dealt by the project engineer, involving a single combination of fatigue resistance, strength, toughness and wear resistance as well as outstanding ductility characteristics.


Aluminium Casting:

Aluminium is a silvery white ductile metallic element. Aluminium is the best abundant metal in the landscape, and it is extensively used for the casting plus foundry patterns. Aluminium is also utilized as deoxidizers in steel and iron making.


Steel Casting:
Steel casting is a specific form of casting and it involves several types of alloy steels and carbon steels.




Steel Alloys:
Steel that has existed alloyed with added metals from 1.0 % – 50% by weight to increase mechanical properties of the steel.



Alloy steels are divided in to two types they are :-


Low alloy steel
High alloy steels


Carbon steel casting:
Low cast carbon steel covers mostly carbon as the principle alloying component. Other elements are exists in lesser quantities, including those extra added for de-oxidation. They are shaped to a great variety of properties because arrangement and heat treatment can be selected to attain specific mixtures of properties that include hardness, ductility, fatigue resistance toughness and strength.


Stainless steel casting:
Mainly the casting is made from the stainless steel. Stainless steel is a steel alloy with a minimum of 10.5 – 11 % chromium content by mass. Stainless steel does not corrode, stain or rust as easily as the other ordinary steel. According to the condition of the environment the surface finish and grades of the materials are varied.

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